Daily maintenance of cars

Daily maintenance refers to daily maintenance, which is the operation before, during and after driving, which is carried out by the driver. The operation center includes cleaning, replenishment and safety inspection, which is the regular and necessary work to maintain the normal working condition of the vehicle. Class I maintenance is carried out by professional maintenance enterprises. In addition to routine maintenance operations, the operation center focuses on cleaning, lubrication and fastening, and checks safety parts such as braking and operation. The second level maintenance is carried out by professional maintenance enterprises. In addition to the first level maintenance operation, the operation center mainly focuses on inspection and adjustment, and removes and inspects tires for tire transposition. Before secondary maintenance, inspection, diagnosis and technical evaluation shall be carried out, and additional operation or minor repair items shall be determined according to the results, which shall be carried out in combination with secondary maintenance. The cycle of maintenance at all levels depends on the type of vehicle and operating conditions.

Daily car maintenance is very important. A little carelessness in daily maintenance will not only cause unnecessary damage to vehicles but also endanger driving safety. For example, the lack of lubricating oil will cause cylinder burning, and a certain part of the vehicle will malfunction and lead to traffic accidents; on the contrary, if the daily work is done carefully, it will not only keep the vehicle new, but also master the technical status of each part of the vehicle to avoid mechanical accidents and traffic accidents.

In fact, the daily maintenance work is very simple, summed up as: cleaning, fastening, inspection, supplement.

I. Cleanliness

The air contains a lot of dust, sediment and acidic substances, which are not only easy to be adhered by leaked fuel, but also easy to form a hard insulation layer under high temperature baking, which makes the heat dissipation performance of the parts worse, and is easy to be absorbed by the static electricity of the vehicle body and corrode the paint surface, making it fade prematurely.

1, clean air filter

Dirty air filters will block fresh air from entering the cylinder, resulting in over-enrichment, incomplete combustion, power reduction, and excessive exhaust. Modern air filters generally use paper filter elements, cleaning attention: do not use water or oil wash, should use tap method and blowing method. Tap the end of the filter element gently to make the dust fall off. Purging method is to use compressed air to purge the inside of the filter element outward, air pressure: force should not exceed 0.3N/Pa

2. Clean the oil filter

The oil filter is blocked, which will hinder the flow of lubricating oil, causing poor engine lubrication, increased wear and even burning tiles. For this reason, it should be cleaned or replaced regularly. It is usually replaced every 8000km if the weather is dry. It should be shortened to 5 000km and replaced once.

3. Clean the battery

Modern cars generally use maintenance-free batteries, first clean the top of the battery to avoid short circuits between the poles due to electrolyte or other impurities; secondly clean the battery terminals to prevent oxides from being produced in the joints and cause poor contact. The vent hole should be unblocked to avoid excessive pressure or temperature in the battery and hand burst.

II. Fastening

After the vehicle is cleaned, tighten the joints. Because of the vibration, bump, sway and other reasons in the process of vehicle driving, it is inevitable to cause loose and wear of connecting parts. Therefore, in daily maintenance should be tightened in time. The daily fastening work of connecting parts is directly related to driving safety, especially important parts such as steering, braking, transmission, etc., which must not be taken lightly.

1. First, tighten the joints of the hoses around the engine to prevent oil leakage.

Second, tighten the connectors of each line and electrical equipment to prevent open circuit, short circuit, grounding and other conditions from affecting the normal operation of electrical equipment.

3. Again, check and fasten the main connectors. Such as generator belts, steering linkage brake coupling points, drivetrains, tires, etc.

III. Inspection

After the connection is tightened, the oil level and quality should be checked, because the liquid will gradually be lost and oxidized at high temperatures, resulting in reduced liquid level and poor performance.

1, check the battery level height with a diameter of 5 N 6mm test tube, from the liquid inlet vertical force to contact with the filter, with the thumb closed the upper end of the test tube, lift the tube, measure the height of the liquid column is the battery level height, the standard should be 10 N 15 mm.

2. Check the height of lubricating oil level

Remove the oil dipstick when cold, wipe it clean, insert it into the bottom of the oil pan, and observe that its height should be between the upper and lower marks. Hot car should be flameout, wait until all the oil flows into the oil pan before measuring.

3, check the height of the coolant level cold car coolant in the tank should be full, the liquid level in the expansion tank should be between the markings. The liquid level should be slightly higher than the superscript when hot

4. Check the brake fluid and steering fluid level

Unscrew the bolt and directly observe whether the liquid level is within the specified marking range.

5, check the quality of the oil

Regardless of the oil, the following methods can be used to check.

(1) Appearance method: Check the oil sample taken out, if it is relatively transparent, it indicates that the pollution is not serious; if it is foggy, there is water in the oil; if it is gray, it may be contaminated by lead or other abrasives; if it is black, it is contaminated by high temperature exhaust gas.

(2) Diffusion method: drop a drop of the oil sample on the filter paper, if the diffusion is very wide and there is no obvious difference between the oil drop area and the diffusion area, it indicates that the cleanliness of the oil is good; otherwise, the cleanliness of the oil becomes worse.

IV. Supplements

1, oil supplement

If no obvious deterioration of the oil is found during inspection, it should be found whether there is leakage, if there is, it should be eliminated, and the oil of the same level should be supplemented in time.

2. Replacement of oil

If the oil has deteriorated or exceeded the replacement cycle, it should be replaced in time.

Usually replace the oil every 8000km or half a year; replace the brake fluid every 20,000 to 40,000 km or 2 years; replace the coolant once every 1-2 years; replace the hydraulic oil every year or 10,000 km.